activated carbon adsorber, fire suppression, nitrogen injection, water deluge, explosion risk, CO formation, hydrogen formation, structural overload, SRU, solvent recovery unit, safety, DEC, Dynamic Environmental Corporation (DEC), DEC IMPIANTI, DEC HOLDING, DEC SERVICE, DEC ENGINEERING, DEC AUTOMATION, DEC LAB, DEC ANALYTICS, DEC Group

advanced Fire Suppression Systems for Solvent Recovery
DEC.FSS™

In gas-phase activated carbon (AC) adsorption systems, such as Solvent Recovery Units (SRUs), fire risks arise from self-heating, hotspot formation, thermal runaway, self-ignition, smouldering, or flaming combustion within the activated carbon bed. This article evaluates the efficacy and safety of two fire suppression methods: nitrogen injection and water deluge. The analysis demonstrates that an automatic nitrogen injection system, operating in a closed loop, is far superior to any water deluge systems. Water deluge introduces risks of overpressure, potential adsorber explosion, formation of hazardous gases (CO and H2), structural overload, drainage issues, and carbon washout. Nitrogen injection mitigates these risks by inerting the atmosphere, cooling the bed, and avoiding structural and chemical complications. The article includes calculations for hotspot oxidation, gas generation, structural loading, drainage sizing, and rupture disk venting, supported by rationale for monitoring challenges and system design.

DEC has a long and proud history of fearless innovations: our roots go back to 1946 (Milan, Italy). Our unwavering dedication lies in the creation and advancement of cutting-edge sustainable technologies and processes that safeguard the environment. Our vision has been to establish a corporate entity that evolves into the worldwide frontrunner in pollution control, specifically in VOC recovery units (SRU). Throughout the years, we have remained committed to this pursuit, driven by our passion for environmental protection and innovation.

activated carbon adsorber, fire suppression, nitrogen injection, water deluge, explosion risk, CO formation, hydrogen formation, structural overload, SRU, solvent recovery unit, safety, DEC, Dynamic Environmental Corporation (DEC), DEC IMPIANTI, DEC HOLDING, DEC SERVICE, DEC ENGINEERING, DEC AUTOMATION, DEC LAB, DEC ANALYTICS, DEC Group

DEC.FPS™ • Fire Prevention & Detection

Refer to the available specific modules: DEC.FPS™ • Fire Prevention Systems

DEC.FSS™ • Fire Suppression System Requirements

The primary goal of a fire suppression system in an activated carbon adsorber is to extinguish fires or control hotspots while preventing catastrophic failures such as explosions or structural collapse. Key hazards include:

  • Self-heating and hotspots: localized temperature increases due to exothermic oxidation of activated carbon or adsorbed solvents;

  • Thermal runaway: escalation of hotspots leading to smouldering or flaming combustion;

  • Gas generation: production of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen (H2) during combustion or water-carbon reactions;;

  • Overpressure: rapid gas or steam formation causing pressure build-up beyond the adsorber’s design limits;

  • Structural integrity: supports must withstand dynamic loads from suppression activities, especially in elevated installations.
  • The two suppression methods evaluated are:

  • Nitrogen Injection: a closed-loop system circulating cold nitrogen to inert the atmosphere and cool the carbon bed;

  • Water Deluge: fixed overbed spray nozzles delivering water to extinguish fires, requiring drainage and pressure relief systems.
  • DEC.FSS™ • Nitrogen Injection System

    DEC.FSS™ • Water Deluge System

    DEC.FSS™ • LTKW

    Ensure the longevity and safety of your Solvent Recovery Units (SRUs) with our comprehensive fire suppression solutions. Mitigate the risks associated with activated carbon self-heating and hotspot formation by understanding how fire suppression systems work in SRUs and implementing robust fire protection. Explore different types of fire suppression for solvent recovery, including the advantages of nitrogen fire suppression in SRUs compared to the disadvantages of water deluge in SRU fire suppression. Our advanced fire prevention systems for solvent recovery offer early fire detection methods (DEC.FPS™) and are designed to prevent thermal runaway in SRU activated carbon beds. Comply with regulations for fire suppression in VOC recovery units and invest in the best deals on fire suppression for activated carbon beds.

    DEC.FSS™ • contact DEC

    Contact DEC for SRU fire safety solutions and get a quote for SRU fire suppression systems to fit or upgrade your fire suppression system in your existing SRU and purchase fire safety equipment for gas-phase SRUs.

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    inspired by passion

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